EURURO Vol. 71 No. 5

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and PCSM in patients receiving primary ADT. The J-CAPRA
score was derived from a Cox proportional hazards
regression model using the following variables: Gleason
score, PSA, T stage, N stage, and M stage . The c-index
for PFS was 0.71 in J-CaP and 0.84 for PCSM among CaPSURE
patients. The J-CAPRA score has been validated in multiple
academic centers in Japan as well as internationally
).
How to best stratify patients with PCa, both for clinical
practice and research purposes, has become increasingly
Table 1 – Studies validating CAPRA, CAPRA-S, and J-CAPRA scores
Study Country n Setting End point Performance
CAPRA score
Cooperberg et al USA 1346 Veterans Affairs/
SEARCH
BCR after RP c-index 0.68
May et al Germany 1296 Academic BCR after RP c-index 0.81 (seven-group CAPRA score); 0.78,
three-tiered CAPRA scorey
Zhao et al USA 6737 Academic BCR after RP c-index 0.78
Lughezzani et al Germany 1976 Academic BCR after RP 3- and 5-yr c-index 0.743 and 0.729,
respectively
Halverson et al USA 612 Academic 5-yr BCR after EBRT c-index 0.69
Ishizaki et al Japan 211 Academic 5-yr BCR after RP c-index 0.755
Tamblyn et al Australia 635 Academic BCR after RP c-index 0.787
Buda¨us et al Germany 2937 Academic BCR, MR after RP c-index: BCRFS: 0.762; MR: 0.785
Yoshida et al Japan 503 Academic 5-yr BCR after RP BCRFS: c-index 0.673
Krishnan et al Canada 345 Academic BCR after EBRT or LDR BT HR per continuous CAPRA score 1.37 (95% CI,
1.10–1.72; p = 0.006)
Seo et al Korea 115 Academic BCR after RP 3- and 5-yr c-index 0.74 and 0.77, respectively
Delouya et al Canada 744 Academic BCR after EBRT or BT AUC 3-yr BCRFS 0.66; 5-yr, 0.62
Vainshtein et al USA 612 Academic FFM, CSS after EBRT c-index: FFM: 0.779; CSS: 0.796
CAPRA-S score
Seong et al Korea 134 Academic 5-yr BCRFS c-index 0.776
Punnen et al USA 2670 Veterans Affairs/
SEARCH
5-yr BCR, CSM after RP c-index, BCR 0.73; CSM, 0.85
Cooperberg et al USA 1010 Academic PCSM c-index 0.75
Tilki et al Germany 14 532 Academic 5-yr BCR, metastasis, mortality c-index, BCR: 0.80; metastasis: 0.85; CSM: 0.88
J-CAPRA score
Seo et al Korea 130 Academic 5-yr PFS c-index 0.80
Kitagawa et al Japan 319 Academic PFS, PCSM c-index CSS 0.833; OS, 0.665
Akakura et al Japan 426 Academic 10-yr PFS, PCSM Categories 1–2 (75.6% and 98.9%) vs 3–6 (52.6%
and 93.1%); p < 0.001 and p = 0.044
Shiota et al Japan 248 Academic PFS, PCSM, OS c-index PFS 0.890; PCSM 0.836; OS 0.700
Yamaguchi et al Japan 255 Academic PFS, PCSM, OS c-index PFS 0.847; PCSM 0.820; OS 0.669
AUC = area under the curve; BCR = biochemical recurrence; BCRFS = biochemical recurrence–free survival; BT = brachytherapy; c-index = concordance index;
CAPRA = Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment; CAPRA-S = Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment postsurgical; CI = confidence interval; CSM = cancer-specific
mortality; CSS = cause-specific survival; EBRT = external-beam radiation therapy; FFM = freedom from metastasis; HR = hazard ratio; J-CAPRA = Japan Cancer of
the Prostate Risk Assessment; LDR = low dose rate; MR = metastatic recurrence; OS = overall survival; PCSM = prostate cancer–specific mortality;
PFS = progression-free survival; RP = radical prostatectomy; SEARCH = Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital.
y Three-tiered CAPRA score (0–2 = low risk; 3–5 = intermediate risk; 6–10 = high risk).
[(Fig._2)TD$FIG]
Fig. 2 – CAPRA-S score.
ECE = extracapsular extension; LNI = lymph node involvement;
SM = surgical margin; SVI = seminal vesicle invasion; PSA = prostate-
specific antigen.
[(Fig._3)TD$FIG]
Fig. 3 – J-CAPRA score.
PSA = prostate-specific antigen.
E U R O P E A N U R O L O G Y 7 1 ( 2 0 1 7 ) 7 0 5 – 7 0 9 707